Kerala, a state in the southwestern part of India, exhibits diverse geographical features, divided into three major regions:
- The Eastern Highlands:
- The Western Ghats define the Eastern Highlands, covering an expansive area of 18650 sq. km, which constitutes 48% of the state’s total land area.
- This region boasts an average elevation of approximately 900 m, with peaks reaching up to 2000 m. Anaimudi, standing at 2694 m, holds the distinction of being the highest point in Kerala.
- Renowned for its spice cultivation, including cardamom, black pepper, clove, and cinnamon, it is often referred to as the Cardamom Hills. Additionally, it serves as a significant global producer of cardamom.
- The Eastern Highlands is a crucial water source for Kerala, giving birth to numerous rivers that flow through the state.
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- The Central Midlands:
- Situated between the Western Ghats and the coastal lowlands, the Central Midlands cover an area of 16200 sq. km, making up approximately 41% of Kerala’s total area.
- Characterised by undulating hills and valleys, this region is recognised for its intensive cultivation practices. Cashew, coconut, arecanut, and banana production thrive in the Central Midlands.
- The Western Lowlands:
- Also known as the Coastal Plains, the Western Lowlands encompass an area of 4000 sq. km and feature a network of interconnected brackish canals, lakes, estuaries, and rivers collectively known as the Kerala Backwaters.
- The renowned Vembanad, Kerala’s largest lake, is a prominent component of the Kerala Backwaters, contributing to the scenic beauty of the region.
- The Western Lowlands are celebrated for coconut and paddy cultivation, with places like Kuttanad showcasing innovative farming practices conducted below sea level.
In essence, Kerala’s diverse geography, divided into these three distinct regions, not only contributes to the state’s natural beauty but also plays an important role in shaping its agricultural practices and economic activities.
Government of Kerala
